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Tower cranes are able to have a maximum unsupported height of 80m or two hundred sixty five feet. The maximum lifting capacity of a tower crane is 16,642 kg or thirty nine thousand six hundred ninety pounds with counter weights of 20 tons. Moreover, two limit switches are used to be able to make certain that the driver does not overload the crane. There is even another safety feature known as a load moment switch to make certain that the driver does not exceed the ton meter load rating. Last of all, the maximum reach of a tower crane is 230 feet or seventy meters.
Because of their extreme heights, there is a science involved to erecting a crane. The stationary structure will at first have to be transported to the construction site by using a huge tractor-trailer rig setup. Next, a mobile crane is used so as to assemble the equipment portion of the crane and the jib. These sections are then attached to the mast. After that, the mobile crane adds counterweights. Crawler cranes and forklifts may be a few of the other industrial machines that is usually utilized to erect a crane.
Mast extensions are added to the crane as the building is erected. This is how the height of the crane can match the building's height. The crane crew utilizes what is called a climbing frame or a top climber that fits between the top of the mast and the slewing unit. A weight is hung on the jib by the work crew so as to balance the counterweight. Once complete, the slewing unit is able to detach from the top of the mast. In the top climber, hydraulic rams are used to adjust the slewing unit up an additional 6.1m or twenty feet. After that, the operator of the crane uses the crane to insert and bolt into position one more mast part piece.
A "loaded container" by description is a container other than in the empty or tare condition, in reference to container handling. Unless otherwise confirmed, containers should be treated as loaded. To be able to maintain safety, when securing or handling containers, environmental conditions such as wind has to be taken into consideration. The word loaded refers to the maximum gross weigh rating of the container. To be able to ensure that the centre of gravity is kept as central and low as possible, the cargo should be evenly distributed all over the container.
In order to maintain safety, having an equally distributed cargo is helpful to avoid excessive tilting, and lack of vehicle stability. An even load helps to avoid unacceptable vehicle axle loading, and unacceptable load concentrations.
With the distribution of load within the container, the eccentricity of the center of gravity varies. It is extremely essential that the designers of handling equipment and containers consider in the engineering process. Like for instance, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in 50 percent of the container length measured from one end of the machine, the eccentricity corresponds to 5 percent.
Make certain that the container is free to be handled and care needs to be taken to make sure it is safely attached to the container, so as to make sure that the equipment utilized is right for the load. Particular attention needs to be paid to the risk of the container tilting because of the eccentricity of the center of gravity. When raising any container whose centre of gravity is mobile or eccentric, like for instance a bulk container, a tank container a thermal container with a refrigerating unit or a container with a liquid bulk bag, either integral or clip on, or any container with a hanging cargo, extreme care should be taken when lifting these.
