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In the start of the 1950's, Henry Le Grande Lull from the Lull Manufacturing Company initially made the sideloader forklift. These early models were requested from the US Air Force. The first idea was patented for commercial application but it was not made until Lull Manufacturing was taken over by the Baker Raulang Company during the year 1959. It was Baker Raulang who put the design into production. Later, the name was changed to Baker Traveloader. In the late 1950s, the side-loaders were launched in Europe. The early models were made by Italian manufacturer Fiora and the afterwards B-P Battioni e Pagani who pioneered the machine's utilization in timber yards.
The side-loader is a little different from the counterbalanced forklift, as the conventional forward-traveling forklifts have front facing forks while the side-loader has side facing forks. The operator however would drive inside a cabin like those used in standard forklifts. The lifting, loading, and unloading functions are performed by the mast located at the right-hand side of the driver. The load is normally transported lying on a wooden or metal deck. This helps to reduce distortion, stress and damage to the load. Recent innovations to the side-loader design have integrated a huge variety of lifting accessories being developed.
The use of side-loaders rather than the reach-stackers or standard forklifts: enhanced visibility, safer operating conditions, and the ability to use available space more efficiently as well as faster traveling speeds.
In order to maintain safety, having an evenly distributed cargo is helpful to prevent lack of vehicle stability, and excessive tilting. A cargo which is even helps to avoid unacceptable vehicle axle loading, and unacceptable load concentrations.
With the distribution of load in the container, the eccentricity of the center of gravity varies. It is extremely essential that the designers of containers and handling machinery consider during the engineering process. Like for example, when 60% of the load by mass is distributed in 50% of the container length measured from one end of the machine, the eccentricity corresponds to 5%.
